August Sander’s People of the 20th Century stands as one of the most ambitious and far-reaching photographic undertakings ever conceived. Bringing together more than six hundred prints, this exhibition offers a rare opportunity to encounter the full scope of Sander’s lifelong project: a systematic portrait of modern humanity shaped by social class, labor, and historical circumstance. Seen together, the images form a visual encyclopedia of German society across decades of profound transformation.
Beginning in the late nineteenth century and extending well into the mid-twentieth,
August Sander photographed individuals from every corner of society with a steady, impartial gaze. Farmers, craftsmen, industrial workers, artists, intellectuals, and women from varied walks of life appear before the camera with equal seriousness. Rather than emphasizing individuality alone, Sander sought to reveal how people embodied their social roles, believing that the external world left visible traces on the body, posture, and expression.
The clarity of Sander’s approach is both methodical and deeply human. His portraits are marked by directness and restraint, free of theatrical gesture or sentimentality. Clothing, tools, and settings are carefully observed, yet never overwhelm the sitter. This balance allows the viewer to read each photograph as both a personal encounter and part of a larger social structure, reinforcing the cumulative power of the series as a whole.
Notably,
People of the 20th Century includes those rarely afforded visibility in early twentieth-century visual culture. The unemployed, the disabled, and others pushed to the margins of society are presented without judgment or embellishment. This inclusive vision proved controversial, particularly under the Nazi regime, which suppressed Sander’s work for contradicting its rigid ideological narratives. Today, that same refusal to idealize or exclude is central to the project’s lasting relevance.
Viewed in its most comprehensive installation to date, Sander’s work reads as both historical document and timeless reflection. The photographs record a specific nation at a specific moment, yet they also pose enduring questions about identity, dignity, and the relationship between the individual and society. In its scale and integrity, this exhibition reaffirms August Sander’s place as a foundational figure in the history of photography.
Image:
August Sander, Bauernfamilie (Farming Family), 1912, printed 1990s by Gerd Sander. Gelatin silver print. Yale University Art Gallery, Société Anonyme Acquisition Fund and Katharine Ordway Fund. © Die Photographische Sammlung/SK Stiftung Kultur—August Sander Archiv, Cologne/ARS, NY 2025